Which of the following can help prevent decompression sickness in divers?

The choice of proper ascent rates is crucial in preventing decompression sickness (DCS) in divers. When a diver ascends too quickly, the pressure decreases rapidly, which can result in nitrogen bubbles forming in the bloodstream and tissues. These bubbles lead to DCS, also known as 'the bends,' which can cause a range of symptoms from joint pain to more serious complications.

By adhering to recommended ascent rates, divers ensure a controlled release of dissolved gases, allowing their bodies to safely expel excess nitrogen through the lungs rather than letting it form bubbles. Typically, a safe ascent rate is considered to be no more than 30 feet per minute, with additional safety stops at shallow depths to further minimize the risk. This practice is essential for maintaining diver safety and is an integral part of dive planning and execution.

Other options, while important in general diving practices, do not directly address the primary physiological cause of DCS as effectively as following proper ascent rates does. Staying hydrated is beneficial for overall health but does not specifically counteract the effects of rapid ascent; frequent breath-holding can increase the risk of DCS; and while diving in shallow waters may reduce exposure to high-pressure environments, it does not eliminate the risk associated with rapid ascents.